Not every individual knows that squamous cell papilloma is the result of a viral disease. In addition to an aesthetic problem, the disease can seriously damage health, including death. The tumor can "grow" in any part of the body and affect internal organs.
What is squamous cell papilloma and its structure
The answer to the question: "What is it? " is a benign neoplasm. The main sites of localization include the face, neck and mucosa. If the pathology is not treated for a long time, it can become malignant. Outwardly, a flat papilloma resembles a mole in the shape of a circle. The color can vary from flesh to deep brown. Doctors call squamous papilloma with hyperkeratosis the most common. It mainly appears in the elderly, sometimes in individuals 30-35 years old.
Causes and sources of infection
There are many ways to get infected with squamous papilloma of the skin, some of them are simple and do not cause any concern:
- Sexual relations of any origin: vaginal, oral, anal;
- Daily contact (handshake). Fundamental here is the presence of open wounds;
- Visiting public places with high levels of humidity: swimming pool, sauna;
- Violation of personal hygiene standards.
This type of papillomas is diagnosed in people with a low level of immunity who have a lot of casual sexual contact.
The penetration of a virus into a healthy body does not mean that papillomas will appear in the near future. This happens only when immunity falls. Main reasons:
- The presence of bad habits: alcoholism, smoking, illegal drugs, poor quality food;
- Dysfunction of the digestive system;
- Skin diseases;
- old age;
- Hereditary predisposition;
- Chemical exposure of third parties.
Esophageal papilloma appears almost immediately after a failure. It forms on the tongue, lips, inside the mouth, in the esophagus and in the intestines.
Why is it dangerous for humans?
The main risk is that papilloma with hyperkeratosis develops into cancer in more than 60% of cases. If growth forms in the respiratory system, there is a risk of gradual lack of oxygen, leading to death. When a growth appears in the intestines, it can become irritated due to exposure to feces. With squamous cell papilloma of the esophagus, there is a risk of inflammation and bleeding due to eating solid food or low-quality alcohol.
Symptoms and diagnosis
Symptoms of squamous cell papilloma formation are few and vague. First, the growing area is checked. Most individuals mistake skin growths for warts and ignore them, hoping that they will disappear with time. Neoplasia develops and grows very slowly, and inflammation occurs very rarely.
Manifestation foci appear mainly in the thinnest areas of the skin. This is the area of the eyelids, neck, chest. If the eyelid is affected, damage to the conjunctiva may occur.
The neoplasia grows and develops gradually, its average size is from 0. 3 to 1. 5 centimeters. The color of the neoplasm is different and over time it can change from flesh color to purple.
Picking, squeezing or cutting a squamous cell papilloma is dangerous; an infection can enter an open wound.
There are no special diagnostic measures to detect the presence of the virus. First, a visual examination of the tumor is performed by a therapist. Then, he writes referrals for other specialists: a dermatologist, a gynecologist. The appointment is made depending on the location of the papilloma. If it is located on the outside of the skin, the diagnosis can be determined immediately. If the growth is inside the body, fluoroscopy is prescribed.
If the rectum is affected, the doctor palpates the neoplasm; the cervix is clearly visible using a gynecological glass.
There are a number of mandatory procedures:
- Biopsy;
- Blood analysis;
- PCR examination.
If necessary, the doctor can prescribe additional diagnostic methods.
Esophageal papillomas
The main places for the formation of squamous papilloma of the esophagus are the tongue, lips and oral mucosa. The virus can be accompanied by the formation of small ulcers and itching.
With papillomas on the lips, the first thing that appears is swelling and discomfort while eating. If the affected area is damaged, blood appears. The growth can grow quickly and cause lip cancer.
With papilloma of the esophagus, the symptoms of which appear mainly in the male half of the population. The causes of the disease can be poor nutrition, poor quality food and bad habits. The main location of the tumor in the esophagus is its middle part. The size of each is from 1-2 millimeters to 3-4 centimeters, elongated, on a stalk. The patient notices pain in the stomach, belching, excessive salivation and a lump in the throat. Diagnosis is carried out using radiography and esophagoscopy.
Signs of formations in the mouth and larynx
With squamous cell papilloma of the larynx, the patient hurts to eat, swallow and sometimes even breathe. Sometimes there is difficulty in speaking. The growth size is small, pedunculate. If a neoplasm is detected in a child, treatment does not begin immediately, it happens that it goes away on its own. If you do not fight the disease in adulthood, it can degenerate into a malignant tumor.
The occurrence of squamous cell papilloma of the tongue is not manifested in any way at first. Flesh-colored white growths begin to appear only if the patient has somehow injured them. After a few weeks, bad breath, itching, burning and ulcers appear.
Symptoms in the larynx in adults can vary, depending on the general condition of the body and the degree of development of the disease. There may be a sore throat, a lump in the nose, discomfort, congestion, itching. If a growth has formed on the septum, it gradually grows throughout the nasal sinuses, interrupting the normal processes of oxygen entry and exit.
Symptoms of formations in intimate places
With squamous papilloma of the cervix there is a very high risk that the benign condition of the neoplasm will turn into cancer. Often this process is accompanied by erosion and genital warts.
In the initial stage, the initial development, the virus has no symptoms. Itching and burning gradually appear in the affected area and over time a constant state of discomfort appears. Download is possible. Papilloma is detected during a routine examination by a gynecologist and colposcopy may be prescribed. During pregnancy, a woman may experience a decrease in her immunity level and, accordingly, the appearance of papillomas. In such cases, immediate removal is recommended.
If we talk about the genitourinary system, the most problematic place for women is the rectum. In the initial stage there are no symptoms, then pain, itching, purulent discharge and blood in the stool appear. The diagnosis can be made after a palpation procedure. In 90% of the cases when this type of neoplasia appears, doctors send you to be tested for syphilis.
Treatment and removal methods
In most cases, patients seek treatment when symptoms are already severe. It is forbidden to prescribe treatment for yourself or to try to remove the papilloma. Removal is carried out in several ways:
- Cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen;
- Surgery;
- Discharge with high frequency current;
- Laser removal;
- Operation using a radio knife.
Esophageal papilloma requires additional examination; accordingly, treatment may take longer.
After the removal procedure, the scar is practically invisible. But there is no 100% guarantee that the tumor will not appear again. Without proper prevention, the virus will reawaken and growths will appear. After treatment, the patient is prescribed a course of antiviral drugs, vitamins and immunomodulators. It is important to restore the level of general immunity as successfully as possible. Even if the virus remains in the body, it will contain it, preventing the formation of papillomas. It is recommended to completely eliminate bad habits.
Treatment with folk remedies
Squamous cell papilloma, like all other types of growths, is formed mainly in the elderly. Surgical intervention is contraindicated for many of them. In such cases, the attending physician advises to turn to traditional medicine. The most recommended tools are:
- Freshly squeezed potato juice. Course - 2 months, take 100 ml, 2 times a day;
- Celandine juice. Course - 4 weeks, the affected area is lubricated with liquid several times a day;
- Fresh garlic. The cleaned slice is fixed to the growth with adhesive plaster for 2-3 hours.
Currant leaves, licorice root, nettle, lemongrass, plantain, garlic, beet and carrots are actively used in the preparation of medicinal infusions. In addition to taking medicinal compounds internally, you can prepare salads and soups from medicinal plants and vegetables.
Prevention and prognosis
The main preventive methods are:
- Early seeking of medical help;
- Proper nutrition;
- Elimination of all bad habits.
Papilloma of the esophagus, bladder and cervix "responds" well to traditional natural medicine. Their treatment is also slightly different from the traditional one; also takes more time.
After removal surgery, rehabilitation may proceed differently and complications may occur. Basically, predictions are always favorable. The percentage of deaths is minimal. If the process of cancer cell formation has already begun, the survival rate is 30-35%.
If you seek medical help in time, a full recovery is 90% possible and damage to soft tissues is minimal. Cancerous tumors are also successfully removed and the degeneration process can be stopped.